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The Great Events by Famous Historians [Volumes 1-14]
- Автор: Gutenberg
- Год: 1905
- Язык: английский
- Жанр: История
Электронная книга - «The Great Events by Famous Historians [Volumes 1-14]». Краткое содержание книги:
The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 01
The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 02 / (From the Rise of Greece to the Christian Era)
The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 03
The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 04
The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 05 / (From Charlemagne to Frederick Barbarossa)
The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 06 / (From Barbarossa to Dante)
The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 07
The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 08 / The Later Renaissance: from Gutenberg to the Reformation
The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 09
The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 10
The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 11
The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 12
The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 13
The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 14
The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 17
The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 21 / The Recent Days (1910-1914)
844. Lothair gives the title king of Italy to his son Louis, who is crowned at Rome.
Abderrahman fits out a fleet to resist the Danes who have infested the neighborhood of Cadiz and Seville.
845. Paris is pillaged for the first time by the Danes or Northmen. See "DECAY OF THE FRANKISH EMPIRE," v, 22.
Hamburg is looted and destroyed by the Danes.
846. Rome is attacked by the Saracens, who, after plundering the country, lay siege to Gaeta.
Spain afflicted by a great drought and swarms of locusts.
847. A violent storm drives the Saracens from the siege of Gaeta. The distress in Spain is relieved by Abderrahman, who remits the taxes and constructs aqueducts and fountains.
848. Louis, King of Italy, drives the Saracens out of Beneventum.
Bordeaux is assailed by the Northmen, but they are vigorously repulsed. See "DECAY OF THE FRANKISH EMPIRE," v, 22.
Pope Leo IV adds a new quarter to the city of Rome by surrounding the Vatican with walls.
849. Birth of Alfred the Great. See "CAREER OF ALFRED THE GREAT," v, 49.
Gottschalk, a German bishop who preached the doctrine of twofold predestination, sentenced by the Council of Quincy to be flogged and suffer perpetual imprisonment.
The Saracens range at will through the Mediterranean; they are defeated at the mouth of the Tiber by the combined fleets of Naples, Gaeta, and Amalphi.
On Gallic soil the benificium and practice of commendation is specially fostered. See "FEUDALISM: ITS FRANKISH BIRTH AND ENGLISH DEVELOPMENT," v, 1.
850. Roric, a nephew of Harold, collects a piratical armament in Friesland and attacks adjacent coasts; Lothair grants Durstadt to him to secure his own lands.
Pépin strengthens himself in Aquitaine by leagues with the Northmen. See "DECAY OF THE FRANKISH EMPIRE," v, 22.
851. Danes ascend the Rhine with 252 ships and plunder Ghent, Cologne, Treves, and Aix-la-Chapelle.
Roric, with 350 sail, proceeds up the Thames and pillages Canterbury and London, after defeating the King of Mercia; he is at last defeated by Ethelwulf, with great slaughter, at Ockley.
852. A revolt against the Moslems in Armenia.
853. Hastings' (the Danish chief) ruse at Tuscany. See "DECAY OF THE FRANKISH EMPIRE," v, 22.
855. Death of Lothair, Emperor of the Franks; civil war between his sons.
A band of Danes keep the Isle of Sheppey through the winter; their first foothold in England.
860. Iceland discovered by the Northmen.
862. Rurik, the Varangian chief, conquers Novgorod and Kiov and lays the foundation of the Russian empire.
863. Cyril and Methodius, the "apostles of the Slavs," undertake the conversion of the Moravians.
Pope Nicholas deposes Photius and declares Ignatius to be the patriarch of Constantinople; Photius in turn excommunicates the Pope.
Charles the Bald founds the County of Flanders.
864. Pope Nicholas asserts his exclusive right to appoint and depose bishops; the sovereigns and prelates of France and Germany resist his claim.
Christianity first introduced into Russia; it makes little progress.
865. First naval expedition of the Varangians or Russians against Constantinople; their fleet is dispersed by a storm.
866. East Anglia invaded by a numerous body of Danes.
Accession of Alfonso the Great of Asturias.
868. Nottingham captured by the Danes; they are besieged by Burhred, Alfred, and his brother, who allow them to return to York with their booty. See "CAREER OF ALFRED THE GREAT," v, 49.
869. Eighth general council held at Constantinople; the deposition of Photius confirmed and all iconoclasts anathematized.
870. Malta captured by the Saracens.
East Anglia captured by the Danes; Edmund, titular king of the country, is treacherously slain by them; is afterward canonized.
871. Hincmar, a French prelate, encourages Charles the Bald to resist the authority assumed by the Pope over the church of France.
Bari, a Saracen fortress in Southern Italy, is surrendered to the Franks and Greeks.
Alfred ascends the throne of Wessex. See "CAREER OF ALFRED THE GREAT," v, 49.
872. Louis of Germany relinquishes to Emperor Louis his portion of Lorraine.
873. On the approach of Emperor Louis with an army the Saracens, who were besieging Salerno, retire; they land in Calabria and commit great depredations.
Locusts lay waste Italy, France, and Germany.
Organs introduced into the churches of Germany.
874. Mercia is conquered by the Danes, who set up Ceolwulf as their king.
Iceland is settled by the Danes.
875. Death of Emperor Louis; Charles the Bald and Louis of Germany contend for the succession. The former, by granting new privileges to the Church of Rome, obtains the support of the Pope, and is acknowledged as the king of Italy and emperor of the West.
Alfred, King of Wessex, fits out a fleet and conquers the Danes in a great sea battle. See "CAREER OF ALFRED THE GREAT," v, 49.
876. Death of Louis of Germany; division of his kingdom among his three sons: Bavaria to Carloman; Saxony to Louis the Stammerer; and East France (Franconia and Swabia) to Charles the Fat. Their uncle, Charles the Bald, attempts to dispossess them, but is defeated by Louis at Andernach.
Rollo, at the head of the Northmen, enters the Seine and makes his first settlement in Normandy. See "DECAY OF THE FRANKISH EMPIRE," v, 22.
877. No emperor of the West for three years.
Carloman acquires the crown of Italy; the Pope, who opposes him, is driven from Rome by Lambert, Duke of Spoleto, and takes refuge in France.
A large traffic in slaves carried on by the Venetians.
Count Boso founds the kingdom of Florence.
878. Alfred defeats a great host of the Danes at Eddington. See "CAREER OF ALFRED THE GREAT," v, 49.
Syracuse captured by the Saracens, who become the masters of Sicily.
879. Methodius forbidden by the Pope to perform the services of the Church for the Slavonians in their own language.
The kingdom of Cisjurane, Burgundy, founded; it included Provence, Dauphiné, and the southern part of Savoy.
880. Germany is ravaged by the Northmen.
Alfred, the English King, defeats the Danes at the battle of Ethandun; by treaty he gives them equal rights, and they acknowledge his supremacy. See "CAREER OF ALFRED THE GREAT," v, 49.
881. Methodius gets leave to use the Slavonic tongue in the churches. Charles the Fat ascends the throne of Italy and Germany; is emperor of the West.
882. Albategni, the Arabian astronomer, observes the autumnal equinox, September 19th.
883. Alfred sends Singhelm and Athelstan on missions to Rome and the Christian church in India.
884. Charles the Fat reunites the Frankish empire of Charlemagne.
885. Siege of Paris by the Northmen. See "DECAY OF THE FRANKISH EMPIRE," v, 22.
886. Alfred the Great said to have founded the University of Oxford.
887. Deposition of Charles the Fat; Arnulf, natural son of Carloman of Bavaria, elected by the nobles.
888. Death of Charles the Fat; final disruption of the Frankish empire; the crown of France in dispute between the Count of Paris, Eudes, and Charles the Simple. See "DECAY OF THE FRANKISH EMPIRE," v, 22.
Founding of the kingdom of Transjurane, Burgundy, which includes the northern part of Savoy and all Switzerland between the Reuss and the Jura.
Alfred the Great begins his translations from Latin into Anglo-Saxon. See "AUGUSTINE'S MISSIONARY WORK IN ENGLAND," iv, 182.
890. Southern Italy constituted a province of the Greek empire and called Lombardia.
891. King Arnulf, of Germany, defeats the Northmen or Danes at Louvain.
894. Arnulf becomes emperor of Germany.
Hungarians (Magyars) cross the Carpathians and occupy the plains of the Theiss.
895. Rome is captured by Emperor Arnulf of Germany; he is crowned emperor of the West.
896. Pope Stephen VII declares the election of his predecessor, Formosus, invalid; disinters his body and has it thrown in the Tiber.
897. Pope Stephen imprisoned and strangled.