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The Great Events by Famous Historians [Volumes 1-14]
- Автор: Gutenberg
- Год: 1905
- Язык: английский
- Жанр: История
Электронная книга - «The Great Events by Famous Historians [Volumes 1-14]». Краткое содержание книги:
The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 01
The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 02 / (From the Rise of Greece to the Christian Era)
The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 03
The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 04
The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 05 / (From Charlemagne to Frederick Barbarossa)
The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 06 / (From Barbarossa to Dante)
The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 07
The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 08 / The Later Renaissance: from Gutenberg to the Reformation
The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 09
The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 10
The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 11
The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 12
The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 13
The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 14
The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 17
The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 21 / The Recent Days (1910-1914)
5000. Babylonia is invaded by a race of Semites; they conquer the land and become the Babylonians of history.
4500 (before). A patesi (priest-ruler), by name En-shag-kush-anna, is King of Kengi, Southern Babylonia; Sungir, which later gave the name Sumer to the whole district, is his capital.
4400. Shirpurla, Mesopotamia, subjugated by Mesilim, King of Kish.
4200. The hero of Shirpurla, E-anna-tum, throws off the Kish yoke and takes the title of king. He is successful in conflicts with Erech, Ur, and Larsa. Walls are erected and canals dug by him.
3700. The great Pyramid of Gizeh erected. This was during the IV or Pyramid dynasty; so called because its chief monarchs built the three great pyramids.
Beautiful Queen Nitocris, of the VI dynasty, reigned about this time. She is said to have avenged the killing of her brother, King of Egypt, by inviting his murderers to a banquet held in a subterranean chamber. Into this the river was turned, and they all miserably perished.
3000. Nineveh, colonized from Babylonia, ruled by subject princes of that country.
2800. Probable date of the foundation of the Chinese empire.
2500. Rise of the kingdom of Elam. Asshurbanipal (Sardanapalus), King of Nineveh, records an invasion of Chaldæa, or Babylonia, by the Elamites, B.C. 2300. The records of clay recently unearthed show that Cyrus was originally king of Elam. See "CONQUESTS OF CYRUS THE GREAT," i, 250.
2458. Zoroaster (Zarathushtra) founds the religion known by his name. Ancient tradition has it that he was a Median king who conquered Babylon about B.C. 2458. M. Haug assigns the date as not later than B.C. 2300. Be the time when he lived what it may, it is certain that, as the Persian national religion, it dates little further back than B.C. 559 and up to A.D. 641. The four elements—fire, air, earth, and water, especially the first—were recognized as the only proper objects of human reverence.
2300. A chart of the heavens in China.
2250. Commencement of the reign of Hammurabi, King of Babylonia: the earliest compilation of a code of laws was made in this reign. See "COMPILATION OF THE EARLIEST CODE," i, 14.
2200-1700. Dominion of the Hyksos, or Shepherd kings, in Egypt. It is not improbable that Abraham made his well-known journey to Egypt during the early reign of these kings. Joseph's visit occurred near the close of their power.
2200. Hereditary monarchy founded in China.
1700-1250. The new empire of Egypt attains the period of its greatest splendor and power. Meneptah, about 1320 (1322), has been generally accepted as the Pharaoh of the Exodus.
1500. Independence of Assyria as the rising of a kingdom apart from Babylonia; the rise of Nineveh.
1450-1300. The Hittite realm in Syria attains its greatest power. The Egyptians knew the Hittites as the Khita or Khatta. Recent discoveries indicate that they formed a civilized and powerful nation. Many inscriptions and rock sculptures in Asia Minor, formerly inexplicable, are now attributed to the Hittites of the Bible.
1330. Rameses II of Egypt; the Sesostris of the Greeks.
1300. Shalmaneser I reigns in Assyria.
1250. The Phoenicians, closely allied in language to the Hebrews, begin their colonizing career.
1235. Probable date of the consolidation of Athens, See "THESEUS FOUNDS ATHENS," i, 45.
1200. Exodus of Israel from Egypt.
FORMATION OF THE CASTES IN INDIA," See i, 52.
1184. FALL OF TROY." See i, 70.
1122. Wou Wang becomes emperor of China.
1120. Beginning of the reign of Tiglath-Pileser, King of Assyria.
1100. Dorian migration into the Peloponnesus.
1095 (1055; 1080 common chronology). Hebrews establish the monarchy. Saul the first king.
1058 (1033). At Gilboa, Saul is defeated by the Philistines. David becomes king in Judah.
1017 (998). Accession of Solomon as king of the Hebrews. The Temple at Jerusalem is built in this reign. See "ACCESSION OF SOLOMON," i, 92.
1015. Smyrna founded.
977 (953). Israel and Judah become separate kingdoms, following the revolt of the Ten Tribes under Jeroboam.
973 (949). Jerusalem captured by Sheshonk, King of Egypt.
958 (929). Asa ascends the throne of Judah.
931 (899). Omri's accession in Israel.
917 (873). Jehoshaphat begins his reign in Judah.
900 (853). The Syrians defeat and slay Ahab, King of Israel, at Ramoth-Gilead.
Divambar conquers Armenia, Persia, Syria, and adjacent lands.
887 (843). The throne of Israel usurped by Jehu.
850. The Tyrians colonize Carthage.
811 (792). Uzziah succeeds to the throne of Judah.
800. The canal and tunnel of Negoub constructed to convey the waters of the Zab River to Nineveh.
800 (850). Sparta: Probable date of the legislation of Lycurgus.
790 (825). Jeroboam II becomes King of Israel.
789. First destruction of Nineveh: death of Sardanapalus. See "FIRST DESTRUCTION OF NINEVEH," i, 105.
776. Beginning of the Olympiads. Olympiad in ancient Greece meant the space of four years between one celebration of the Olympic games and another. In this year it began as a system of chronology.
772. [A](748). End of Jehu's dynasty in Israel.
753 (common chronology). "FOUNDATION OF ROME." See i, 116.
750. [A] The Corinthians found Syracuse.
743-724. First great war between Sparta and Messenia: the latter is subjugated.
734. [A] Syria becomes subject to Tiglath-Pileser II of Assyria.
731. [A] Tiglath-Pileser II subjects Chaldea.
727. [A] (728). Hezekiah ascends the throne of Judah.
722. [A] King Sargon of Assyria conquers Samaria; he puts an end to the kingdom of Israel. Captivity of the Ten Tribes.
701. Siege of Jerusalem by Sennacherib; he encounters the Egyptian and Ethiopian forces; his expedition into Syria fails.
697. Accession of Manasseh to the throne of Judah.
685-668. The second war between Sparta and Messenia.
660. [A] Prince Jimmu establishes Yamato as the capital of Japan. See "PRINCE JIMMU FOUNDS JAPAN'S CAPITAL," i, 140.
650.[A] The whole of Egypt united under Psammetichus I, founder of the XXVI dynasty. He frees Egypt from Assyrian rule and opens the country to the Greeks.
645-628. The Messenians make an unsuccessful attempt to throw off the yoke of Sparta.
[A] Date uncertain.
640. Birth of Thales, one of the Seven Wise Men of Greece. He taught the spherical form of the earth and the true causes of lunar eclipses; discovered the electricity of amber. The Seven Sages, or Wise Men, are commonly made up of Thales, Solon, Bias, Chilo, Cleobulus, Periander, and Pittacus.
Media becomes independent of Assyria; she appears as a single united kingdom.
625. Media, Assyria, and Syria have a great irruption of Scythians in their borders.
623. FOUNDATION OF BUDDHISM," See i, 160.
621. [B](624). Date of the legislation of Draco, at Athens.
612. Conspiracy of Cylon at Athens.
609.[B] Josiah is slain at Megiddo, when Necho, the Egyptian King, crushes the power of Judah.