Federal Marshals Provide Protection
Washington, July 18— More than 1,000 American families are living false lives under assumed names given them by the U.S. government. Their new identities are all that protect them from violent retribution.
Last week’s congressional budget hearings brought to light the formal existence of a federal witness relocation program, a key element in the Justice Department’s effort to grapple with organized crime.
When witnesses are threatened by organized crime figures against whom they intend to testify, the government offers to protect these witnesses by giving them new identities, new locations, new jobs, and sometimes even new citizenship if the case is judged so dangerous that it seems advisable to relocate the witness abroad.
The protective service is granted to witnesses both before and after they give testimony: In many cases it is a lifetime service. (Witnesses need protection not only from those against whom they have testified, but also from other criminals who may fear being squealed on by the same witnesses.)
Head of the program is F. Scott Corcoran, associate director of the U.S. Marshal’s Service. Interviewed in his office in Falls Church, Va., Mr. Corcoran expressed surprise at what he called “all this sudden interest by the press.”
Mr. Corcoran said, “We’re not a clandestine organization. We’ve been on the books of the Justice Department seven years now. We don’t hide our budget appropriations under phony headings or classified listings. We’re out in the open. The only secret here is the identities of the people we service.”
Last week’s congressional budget hearings included debate over an $11-million annual appropriation request for the Witness Security Program, a joint operation of the Justice Department’s Criminal Division, the U.S. Marshal’s Service and the FBI.
“We’re surprised but pleased by this sudden attention,” Mr. Corcoran said. “I think the publicity definitely helps. A big part of our job is assuring potential witnesses against organized crime that they can avail themselves of our protective services.”
Witnesses’ names are changed legally, in closed federal court sessions, so that no unlawful acts are committed by administrators of the program. “We’re not perpetrating frauds on anyone except the Mob,” Mr. Corcoran insisted.
But he conceded that some known criminals, granted immunity from prosecution in return for their testimony, have been relocated under new names without the knowledge of local law enforcement agencies. “We couldn’t very well broadcast the witness’ new name to every police department in the country,” Mr. Corcoran pointed out.
Asked about the program’s degree of success, Mr. Corcoran replied promptly, “Our batting average is 998. We’ve had two witnesses attacked out of more than a thousand we’ve relocated. There’s no binding evidence that either of the two victims was discovered by the Mob — the murders haven’t been solved, but they may have been coincidences.”
Mr. Corcoran added, “I’d like to point out that there have been certain instances of witnesses refusing our protection. In a large number of cases those people have gone home and been shot to death or blown up when they started their cars. We’re providing the only successful defense against that kind of retribution. The program has been very successful in encouraging witnesses to step forward. It’s putting a big dent in the operations of organized crime in this country. This program is the main reason why you’re seeing a lot more prosecutions of organized crime leaders today.”
But he admitted it could be a severe jolt for a witness to start life over again under a new name. “He’s got to leave all his friends behind. Sometimes he’s got to take a step down, professionally or financially. Sometimes he’s got to face his children, confess his wrongdoing to them so they’ll understand why they’ve got to live the rest of their lives under new names. But it’s been a great advantage to some of these people. Some of them have done very well for themselves. We’ve got two witnesses we relocated several years ago who’ve become millionaires under their new identities.”
The program has grown rapidly over the past few years. “Sometimes we process two new families in a single week,” Mr. Corcoran said. “People are getting the word — there is a way out of their dilemma, and we’re here to help them.”
2
She put the soup pot on the front burner, heard the doorbell and glanced at the monitor screen above the refrigerator. It was Ezio’s face, a pattern of gray dots; he stared gravely into the camera.
She pressed the door-release button and saw him walk out of the picture; then she heard the front door.
“I’m in the kitchen.”
His wide body filled the doorway. “How’s Frank?”
